Tomato

Short description of the species

Botanical name

Tomato

Latin name

Lycopersicon esculentum; syn. Solanum lycopersicum

Family

Solanaceae

Plant height

0,6-2,2m

Plant width

0,5-0,6m

Exposure

sunny

Temperature requirement

not frost tolerant

Keeping

medium

Water requirement

requires additional irrigation

Soil requirement

deep, loamy and permeable soils with a good content of organic matter and humus

Soil pH

6,2 – 6,8

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Interesting

The most fruits from one plant were collected between May 2005 and April 2006 and it was 32,200 fruits, while the plant weighed 553 kg.

accessibility

Usage

Direct consumption, pressure, drying, juice, pickled halves in oil.

Agrotechnics of growing and harvesting 

Multiplication 

• generative 

Spacing 

• determinant varieties: 1.2 – 1.3 m + 0.35 – 0.4 m x 0.3 m 
• indeterminate in field conditions: 0.8-1.0 m x 0.3-0.4 m 

Harwesting

• varieties for direct consumption - gradual picking of fruits by sorting at botanical maturity 
• varieties for industrial processing - one-time mechanized harvesting of fruits at botanical maturity 

Agricultural cultivation techniques 

Agro-technique of cultivation - bed method in field conditions (directly into the soil) - varieties for industrial processing

Agricultural cultivation techniques - from transplants (varieties for direct consumption in field conditions)

Storage

• 1-2 weeks at a temperature of 8-10 °C and a relative humidity of 80-85% 

Usage 

• fresh and heat-treated in the form of juice, puree, sauces and others.  

Diseases and pests

• physiological disorders: dry spotting of fruits, curling of the lower leaves of plants, cracking of the skin of fruits, sunburn of fruits, deformation of fruits, green ring on fruits
• viral diseases: Tomato spotted wild virus, Tomato mosaic virus,
• bacterial diseases: tomato bacterial wilt (Clavibacterium michiganensis subsp. michiganensis), tomato bacterial spot (Xantomonas vesicatoria)
• fungal diseases: potato blight on tomato (Phytophtora infestans), wilting of tomato (Fusarium oxysporum, Veritcilium alboatrum), Alternaria porri f. sp. solani, sepotriosis of tomatoes (Septoria lycopresici)
• pests: hop mite (Tetranychus urticae), potato armadillo (Leptinotarsa ​​decemlineata), western thrips (Frankliniella occidentalis), greenhouse whitefly (Trialeurodes vaporariorum), swallowtail whitefly (Aleyrodes proletella), cotton moth (Helicoverpa armigera), tomato borer (Tuta absoluta) and others.