Brussel sprouts

Short description of the species

Botanical name
Brussel sprouts
Latin name
Brassica oleracea sk. gemmifera
Family
Brassicaceae
Plant height
0.5-1.0 m
Exposure
relatively undemanding (sun or semi-shadow)
Temperature requirement
frost-resistant (to -15 °C)
Údržba
medium
Water requirement
high
Soil requirement
medium-heavy, permeable, high humus content (requirement of direct organic fertilisation)
Soil pH
6.2 – 7.5
Edible part
small florets (heads)
accessibility

Usage

direct consumption –side dish, soups; processing – freezing

Growing technology and harvest 

Propagation 

  • generative – growing from seedlings 

Spacing 

  • 0.60-0.70 x 0.60-0.70 m 

Harvest 

  • smaller area – gradual harvest 
  • large area – mechanized harvest (cutting of florets from stump directly in the field) 
  • mild winter – possibility of harvest during winter 

Important dates 

  • growing from seedlings + covering textile (protection against pests, mainly 2-3 weeks after planting) 
Month I. II. III. IV. V. VI. VII. VIII. IX. X. XI. XII.
Sowing (seedling production) XX XX
Planting XXX XX
Harvest X XXX XXX

Storage 

  • temperature = 0-1 °C 
  • relative air humidity = 85-90% 
  • storage period = 10-14 days 


Use 

  • direct consumption – side dish, soups 
  • processing – freezing 


Diseases and pests 

  • the most dangerous disease: clubroot (Plasmodiophora brasssicae) – incorrect crop rotation 
  • virus diseases: virus mosaics 
  • bacterial diseases: wet rottiness (Erwinia sp., Pseudomonas sp.), black rottiness (Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris
  • fungus diseases: falling of germinating plants (several species of microscopic funguses - Botrytis cinerea, Fusarium spp., Mycosphaerella brassicicola, Olpidium brassicae, Phytophtora spp., Pythium spp., Thanatephrous cucumeris, Verticillium spp. etc.), downy mildew (Hyaloperonospora parasitica), Alternaria leaf spottiness (Alternaria brassicicola, A. brassicae) 
  • pests: cabbage root fly (Delia radicum), cabbage aphid (Brevicoryne brassicae), flea-beetles (Phyllotreta spp.), white butterfly (Pieris brassicae, Pieris rape), cabbage moth (Mamestra brassicae), cabbage whitefly (Aleurodes proletella) 
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