Anise

Short description of the species

Botanical name

Anise

Latin name

Pimpinella anisum

Family

apiaceae

Origin

Southwest Asia, the Middle East and the Mediterranean

Crop classification

spicy and aromatic plants

Exposure

sunny

Temperature requirement

frost-resistant

Water requirement

middle

Soil requirement

It requires fertile, warm, permeable soils

Soil pH

6,0 až 7,0

Edible part

Anisi fructus (fruit), Anisi oleum (silica)

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Interesting

As a spice, it is often used to flavor various alcoholic beverages, such as Greek ouzo or anise.

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Usage

In the food industry, anise (ground fruit) is used as a flavoring and aromatic substance in gingerbread, gingerbread and other baked goods, ice cream, cakes, cookies, candies, sweets, chewing gum, sweet dishes, puddings, creams and fruit compotes. It is also added to various fruit soups, sauces, bread and liqueurs. In the pharmaceutical industry, it is used for the production of syrups, medicines, medicinal teas and aromatic water.

Inclusion in the sowing process and fertilization requirements 

track: II. (compost or well-ripened farmyard manure does not tolerate fresh farmyard manure) 

suitable pre-crops: cereals and roots 

fertilization: it responds well to organic fertilizers, it is possible to use compost or well-rotted manure in a dose of 20-30 tons per hectare before planting, nitrogen is key for leaf growth and overall vegetative growth 

Varieties: Trends in the breeding of anise varieties are related to resistance to environmental stressors, diseases and high yields of both seeds and essential oil. 

Agricultural cultivation techniques 

Propagation: generative - direct sowing 

Agro-technique of cultivation - bed method (directly into the soil)

Harvesting: aAnise is harvested in August, September at the latest, when the first-order buds are waxy (gray-green in color). 

Valuable nutritions: 2-6% essential oils, 20-28% fatty oils, up to 20% proteins, about 10% minerals, vitamins C, P, sugars, tannin, cymene 

Phytotherapeutic groups: carminative, aromatic, disinfectant, lactogogue 

Diseases and pests: The most economically serious disease is cercosporosis (Cercospora  spp.). Others – downy mildew (Plasmopara nivea), Phomopsis pimpinellae, Rhizoctonia solani, from pests the caraway weevil (Depressaria nervosa and the caraway flatworm (Depressaria daucella).